Events of Pakistan Air force in 1965

Rafiqui Opens the September Account - 1st Sep, 1965

PAF scored its first victories when Squadron Leader Sarfraz Rafiqui and Flight Lieutenant Imtiaz Bhatti shot down two Vampires each who were attacking Pakistani troops in Chamb. Indian Fighter Surrenders - 3 Sep, 1965 Squadron Leader Brijpal Singh Sikand, Commander of an Indian fighter squadron, surrenders to a PAF F-104 in combat. The painting shows him landing his Gnat fighter at Pasrur, a Pakistani airfield near Gujranwala. The F-104 was flown by Flight Lieutenant Hakimullah who became the Air Chief two decades later. Sikand was taken prisonar and later rose to be an IAF Air Marshal. This encounter was the most unusual event of the 1965 Air War. The First Encounter - 6th Sep, 1965 The start of the Indo-Pak War over Pakistan was marked when Squadron Leader Aftab Alam destroyed a Mystere & damaged another. Apart from being the first encounter to start the War in earnest, the engagement was also significant in other aspects. It marked a new era of dog-fighting at very low altitude. It was also the first combat kill by any Mach-2 aircraft, and the first missile kill for the Pakistan Air Force. Close Support at Wagah - 6th Sep, 1965 The advance of Indian army in Wagha sector was stopped when a formation of six F-86 aircraft destroyed scores of tanks, armoured & soft vehicles. Pathan Kot Strike - 6th Sep, 1965 No 19 Squadron lead by Squadron Leader Sajjad Haider executed a text book strike against Pathankot airfield destroying all MiG-21 aircraft on ground. End of a Hero - 6 Sep, 1965 Deep into enemy territory, three F-86s - not the originally planned eight - tightly manoeuvre in mortal combat against ten or more IAF Hunters near their Halwara air base. Seconds earlier, the formation commander, Squadron Leader Sarfaraz Rafiqui, had shot down a Hunter and now his second mark was perfectly under his guns. Suddenly, Rafiqui slided back, his guns jammed and became useless, but he was determined to fight on. Saving precious moments he instructs his No.2, "Cecil, take over lead" and falls behind to let his wingman shoot and to give him cover, and while doing so was hit and lost his life. Cecil downs another Hunter but they were many more, in every direction. The remaining two, Flight Lieutenants Yunus Hussain and Cecil Chaudhry decided to fight on in the footsteps of their leader.The formation claimed a total of 5 kills whereas they lost two . Only Cecil Choudhry returned to Sargodha to tell the take of proud heroes who fought with courage till the end . Kalai Kunda Strike - 7th Sep, 1965 A formation of five Dacca based F-86 led by Squadron Leader Shabbir H Syed,who later became Vice Chief of the AirStaff, PAF, destroyed a large number of bomber aircraft parked at Kalai Kunda airfield. High Speed Reconnaissance - 9th Sep, 1965 An F-104B flown by Flight Leiutenant Aftab Alam Khan of No 9 Squadron Sargodha, on a high speed reconnaissance mission over Halwara, on 9 September 1965. There was an urgent requirement to survey the enemy concentration at the forward airfields and to observer the effectiveness of PAF's B-57 night bombing raids. To fulfil this need, the PAF immediately employed the F-104B. The rear seat observer operated a hand held camera and made visual observations; in this case it was Squadron Leader M. L Middlecoat. En route the aircraft was flown at tree top level, at a speed of 600 knots. Approaching the target the aircraft was accelerated to a speed greater than Mach 1. In this way the high speed capability of Starfighter was fully exploited. This was the first time such a profile was flown by an F-104 pilot. The mission was so successful that it was later repeated several times. Low Level Death - 7th Sep, 1965 An F-104, Star -fighter flown by Flight Lieutenant Amjad Hussain killed an enemy fighter near Sargodha. Destruction of Amritsar Radar - 11th Sept. 1965 The last of several strikes against Amritsar radar was led by Wing Commander M Anwar Shamim on 11 September 65. The leader's No 2 was Squadron Leader Muniruddin Ahmed, who attained Shahadat when his aircraft was hit by a heavy ack shell. B-57 Lost Over Adampur - 14th Sep, 1965 After a dive bombing attack over Adampur airfield, Flight Lieutenant Altaf's B-57 received a direct hit from Ack Ack guns. The pilot & navigator ejected to become first POWs End Night Intruder - Sep, 1965 An Indian Canberra on a night bombing mission against Sargodha was shot down by Squadron Leader Jamal A Khan. The IAF pilot ejected and was later captured . 1965 War Hercules Bomber - 21st Sep, 1965 After a modification to open the rear ramp of C-130 aircraft at speed above 150 Knots, it was used for night bombing over moderately defended targets. F-86 Strike Heavy Guns at Wagah - 21st Sep, 1965 On 21 September, A formation of eight Sabres from 32 Wing claimed 15 medium & five heavy guns destroyed together with two tanks & a number of other vehicles. Battle of Chowinda - 1965 PAF Sabres from No 32 Fighter Wing based at Sargodha contributed decisively at the battle of Chawinda in Pak Army's counter armour operations. Jet Ace - Sep, 1965 Squadron Leader MM Alam became the first and only "Jet Ace" in one mission when he shot five superior performance IAF aircraft on 7 September, 1965 out of these , 5 aircraft were shot in a less than one minute. He has a total of nine kills and two damages to his credit. Post War Reconnaaissance - 10th Sep, 1965 During a post war reconnaissance mission over IAF airfields, one RB-57 was hit by three SA-2s. Despite severe damage, crew safely landed the aircraft at Peshawar. The Cobras on Patrol - Nov, 1965 The painting shows a pair of No.15 Squadron Sabres near the K-2 peak. The tail fins of the squadron F-86Fs carry the unit's emblem - a cobra poised to strike. Until the Base Commander ordered it off the air base, a fully grown cobra mascot and its basket were kept for a time in the flight commander's office, and fed by volunteer pilots. F-6 Joins the PAF - 20 Dec , 1965 The first two F-6s (Mig-19s made in China) arrived at Sargodha Air Base. The pilots flew over the Karakorams directly from the Chinese airfield at Hotian. The F-6 carried VHF radios, Soviet style instruments and many pieces of equipment that were strange to the PAF pilots and technical hands. The Pakistani markings were not yet painted and the pilots wore leather helmets and throat mikes. Many officers and men of Sargodha gathered near the runway to watch the landings. PAF Trident delivered to No. 12 Sqaudron - Aug, 1967 The PAF's only Trident 1E VIP transport aircraft on its ferry flight to Chaklala Air Base. No 12 Squadron flew the Trident during 1967 for a brief period, before it was diverted for other duties.ource: Source:http://www.pafmuseum.com.pk

Pre Partition

Historic Events Coastal Patrol Off Karachi - May 1940, Karachi

Flight Lieutenant A B Awan leads three Westland Wapitis of "A" Flight, No 1 Squadron, IAF from Drigh Road (now Faisal) air base on a coastal patrol in the Arabian Sea. As World War II raged in Europe, Allied air forces in Asia also prepared for possible operations against Germany and Japan. Hailing from Dera Ismail Khan, Wing Commander A B Awan was the first Muslim military avaitor of the subcontinent. He died in 1989, having made a pioneering contribution to what would evenyully become the Pakistan Air Force. Source:http://www.pafmuseum.com.pk

1971 GALLANTRY AWARDS

Air Marshal

Syed Nisar Yunus Sitara-i-Basalat Wing Commander Syed Nasir Yunus was in Dhaka at the time the Army started operation in East Pakistan. He flew many hazardous transport missions for the initial deployment of the army to various places. This included recapture of some of the rebel-held airfields. Many a time, he received anonymous telephone calls to suspend C-130 operations, otherwise he and his crew would be killed. Undeterred by these threats he flew six to eight missions a day. He also flew reccee missions to spot and locate enemy ships that were deployed in the Bay of Bengal. On one mission he was able to locate an element of three enemy ships, which turned to fire on his aircraft, but he was able to evade successfully. During December 1971, Wing Commander Yunus guided and conducted the operations of his squadron most ably. His devotion to duty has been a source of inspiration to all, Wing Commander Yunus has displayed conspicuous courage, determination and has made outstanding contribution to the over-all achievement of the P.A.F. In recognition of his services, Wing Commander Syed Nasir Yunus has been awarded Sitara-i-Basalat. Source:http://www.pafmuseum.com.pk/

1965 GALLANTRY AWARDS

Air Marshal M. Nur Khan Hilal-i-Juraat Air Marshal Nur Khan assumed command of Pakistan Air Force in July 1965. During 1965 war he set a personal example by flying several operational missions that kept the morale of his officers and men at an exceptionally higher level. His inspiring leadership and selfless devotion to duty significantly affected the course of air war in which the PAF managed to dictate terms to an overwhelmingly larger and better equipped enemy. For his valour, courage and distinguished leadership during 1965 war, he was conferred upon the gallantry award of Hilal-e-Juraat. Source:http://www.pafmuseum.com.pk/

Hero of Pakistan Air Foece Rashid Minhas

Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas Nishan-i-Haider On the morning of Friday, 20 August 71, Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas, a pilot still under training, was in the front seat of jet a trainer, taxiing out for take off. An instructor pilot from the same unit forced his way into the rear cockpit, seized control of the aircraft and having taken off, headed the aircraft towards India. With just 40 miles of Pakistan territory remaining, Minhas had only one course open to him to prevent his aircraft from entering India. Without hesitation and living up to the highest traditions of the Pakistan Air Force, Rashid Minhas tried to regain control of his aircraft, but finding this to be impossible in the face of the superior skill and experience of his instructor, forced the aircraft to crash at a point 32 miles from the Indian border. In doing so, Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas deliberately made the supreme sacrifice for the honour of Pakistan and the service to which he belonged. For this act of heroism above and beyond the call of duty, the President of Pakistan awarded Nishan-i-Haider to Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas. Source:http://www.pafmuseum.com.pk/

Heros of Pakistan Air Foece 1965 Shuda

Squadron Leader

Alauddin Ahmed Sitara-i-Jurrat Squadron Leader Alauddin Ahmed, led his squadron in twenty combat missions against the Indian ground and air forces. His leadership throughout the operations was cool, courageous and most determined which inspired the greatest confidence amongst pilots of his formations and resulted in destruction of many Indian tanks and vehicles. In his last sortie, he attacked and blew up an important ammunition train at Gurdaspur rail-head in complete disregard to his personal safety. During this attack on September 13, his aircraft was damaged and was reported missing over enemy territory. Subsequently, it was confirmed that the officer died in this action. For his exemplary leadership, courage and valour, Squadron Leader Alauddin Ahmed was awarded Sitara-i-Juraat. M A Qureshi M S A Siddiqui Muhammad Iqbal Sitara-i-Jurrat Squadron Leader Muhammad Iqbal flew many operational missions which played a vital part in the success of the Pakistan Air Force during the India-Pakistan war. He carried out these missions with determination, enthusiasm, outstanding ability and at great personal risk. His performance, throughout, was exemplary and highly inspiring for the personnel under his command. For his outstanding leadership, valour, loyalty and invaluable services to the Pakistan Air Force and the country, he was awarded Sitara-i-Juraat. Munir Ahmed Sitara-i-Jurrat During the war a high-powered heavily defended radar station near Amritsar was attacked repeatedly by PAF fighters. In all these missions, Squadron Leader Munir unhesitantly volunteered to fly without regard for his personal safety, exposed himself to intense ack ack fire for long periods in attempts to locate and destroy the target. In the final successful attack on September 11, he made the supreme sacrifice when his aircraft was hit. Before his last sortie, Munir flew eight combat missions and shot down an IAF Gnat on September 10. For displaying courage and determination in the face of heavy odds and beyond the call of duty, Squadron Leader Munir-ud-Din Ahmed was awarded Sitara-i-Juraat. Sarfraz Ahmed Rafiqui Hilal-i-Jurrat On 6th September, 1965, Squadron Leader Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui led a formation of three F-86 aircraft on a strike against Halwara airfield. Soon after crossing the Indian border Squadron Leader Rafiqui had been warned about a large number of enemy interceptors being in the air by the leader of a returning F-86 formation. He, however, continued his mission single-mindedly. On the way back, the formation was intercepted by about ten Hunter aircraft out of which Squadron Leader Rafiqui accounted for one in the first few seconds. After Squadron Leader Rafiqui shot down one Hunter aircraft, his guns jammed due to a defect and stopped firing upon which he refused to leave the battle area as he would have been perfectly justified to do; he, instead ordered his No. 2 to take over as leader and continue the engagement with the enemy. He himself now took up a defensive position in the formation in an attempt to give it as much protection as was possible by continuing fighting maneuvers in unarmed aircraft whilst the remainder proceeded to give battle to the enemy. This called for a quality of courage and dedication on the part of Squadron Leader Rafiqui equal to the best in the history of air-fighting. The end for him was never in doubt. He chose to disregard it and in the process, his aircraft was shot down and he was killed but not without his action enabling his formation to shoot down three more Hunter aircraft. Squadron Leader Rafiqui thus provided exemplary leadership in battle and displayed outstanding courage in the face of exceptionally strong opposition. His inspiring leadership and selfless example significantly affected the subsequent course of the air war in which the P.A.F. never failed to dictate terms to an overwhelmingly larger and better equipped enemy. Squadron Leader Rafiqui's conduct was clearly beyond the call of duty and conformed to the highest tradition of leadership and bravery in battle against overwhelming odds. For this and his earlier exploits, he is posthumously awarded Hilal-i-Juraat. Source:http://www.pafmuseum.com.pk

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